反譯法

一個(gè)問(wèn)題有時(shí)可以從不同的角度來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明。有些句子英語(yǔ)是從正面說(shuō)的，漢語(yǔ)可以從反面來(lái)解釋。

1）否定譯成肯定。

Eg:

I never passed the theatre but I thought of his last performance.每一次經(jīng)過(guò)那家劇院，我都會(huì)想起他的最后一次演出。

Eg:

Hardly a month goes by without word of another survey revealing new depths of scientific illiteracy among U.S. citizens.美國(guó)公民科盲日益嚴(yán)重，這種調(diào)查報(bào)告幾乎月月都有。（雙重否定）

2）肯定譯成否定。

Eg:

Everyone has the right to be free from hunger.人人有不挨餓的權(quán)利。

Eg:

This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.這種困境將是確定無(wú)疑的，[來(lái)源：考研加油綻]因?yàn)槟茉吹膮T乏使農(nóng)業(yè)無(wú)法以高能量消耗、投入少數(shù)農(nóng)民就可能獲得高產(chǎn)的美國(guó)耕種方式繼續(xù)下去了。

Eg:

The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.把標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測(cè)試作為抨擊目標(biāo)是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)樵谂険暨@類測(cè)試時(shí)，批評(píng)者不考慮其弊病來(lái)自人們對(duì)測(cè)試不甚了解或使用不當(dāng)。

幾種特殊否定句式的翻譯法

“no more…than翻譯成漢語(yǔ)”和……一樣不“

Eg:

The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.臟和胃一樣不能思維，都受大腦支配。

Eg:

There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink.他們沒(méi)有理由限定你吃多少維生素，就如同他們不能限定你喝多少水一樣。

”not so much …as“翻譯成”與其說(shuō)……，不如說(shuō)……“

Eg:

It was not so much the many blows he received as the lack of fighting spirit that led to his losing the game.與其說(shuō)他輸了比賽是多次被擊中，不如說(shuō)是自己缺乏斗志。

Eg:

There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史研究中各個(gè)具體領(lǐng)域使用的研究手段，人們對(duì)此意見(jiàn)不一。

Eg:

He is the last person I want to see in the world.他是這個(gè)世界上我最不愿意見(jiàn)到的人。