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2019考研英語:盤點作文常考8類主題詞

來源:網絡瀏覽次數:13037發表于2018-12-13

[摘要] 英語考場上最痛苦的事情,可能就是作文要求看得懂,寫作思路也清晰,但是,最核心的主題詞不會寫!大寫的尷尬在臉上。一起復習一下那些常考作文主題詞,臨陣磨槍,又快又光。

  ?精神品質類(極重要)


  注:是考查頻度最高的話題。是絕對的重點。


  team spirit:團隊精神


  teamwork:團隊合作


  strengthen mutual cooperation:增強相互合作


  cultivate the atmosphere of teamwork:形成團隊精神


  patience:耐心


  prudence:謹慎


  persistence/perseverance:恒心/毅力/堅持 —— 對應:give up halfway(半途而廢)


  endeavor:努力


  diligence/painstaking efforts:勤奮


  self-dependence/self-reliance/independence:自立


  innovation/creativity/critical thinking:創新


  self-confidence:自信(lack of confidence:缺乏自信)


  modesty:謙虛


  striving spirit:奮斗精神


  the spirit of competition:拼搏精神


  aggressive:有進取心的


  strong-willed:意志堅強的


  tireless:孜孜不倦的


  persevering:不屈不撓的


  consistent:始終如一的


  adversity and hardship:逆境和苦難


  a sense of achievement:成就感


  sense of honor:榮譽感


  entertain great ambitions:胸懷抱負


  reap without sowing:不勞而獲


  haste makes waste:欲速則不達


  utilitarian:功利的,急功近利的


  actions:行動(take actions:付諸行動)


  down-to-earth:務實的


  thrift:勤儉


  honesty:誠信


  respect the old and care for the young:尊老愛幼


  curiosity:充滿好奇


  spirit of the craftsman/craftsman's spirit/craftsmanship spirit:工匠精神


  striving for the best/striving for excellence:精益求精


  ?道德類(極重要)


  public morality:公德


  devotion/dedication:奉獻


  charity:慈善


  duty/responsibility:責任


  sense of responsibility:責任感


  shoulder/assume/undertake one's duties/responsibility:承擔責任


  avoid/shirk/shun one's duties/responsibility:逃避責任


  traditional virtues:傳統美德


  practice filial piety:奉行孝道


  selfless devotion:無私奉獻


  Patriotism:愛國主義


  comply with the law/observation of the law:遵守法律


  comply with public morality:遵守公德


  follow the morals:按道德行事


  improve public morals:改進社會風氣


  safeguard public morals:維護公共道德


  injure public morality:損害公共道德


  be public-spirited:有公德心的


  the corruption of public morality:公德墮落


  the lack of moral sense:道德缺失


  the crisis of trust:信任危機


  spit everywhere:隨地吐痰


  make noise/talk loudly:大聲喧嘩


  littering:亂丟垃圾


  empty promise:空洞承諾


  false promise:虛假承諾


  compete for benefits:爭搶利益


  unfair competitions:不公平競爭


  consumers' rights and interests:消費者權益


  disregard the public rules:無視公共規章


  break/violate public regulations:違反公共規章


  benevolence:善心仁慈


  with heart and soul:全心全意


  amicable:友好的


  charitable:寬厚的


  credibility:信譽,美譽


  fake commodities:偽劣產品


  dishonest behaviors:欺詐行為


  unaffordable prices of medicines:藥價虛高


  academic corruption:學術腐敗


  plagiarism:剽竊抄襲


  excessive growth:過度上漲


  illegal ads:非法廣告


  food safety:食品安全


  misdeed/misconduct:不良行為


  spirit of contact:契約精神


  volunteer/volunteering/volunteering service:志愿者/志愿者活動/志愿服務


  volunteer spirit:志愿者精神


  ?家庭類或兩代關系類(重要)


  注:1992年以來,家庭類話題在英語()大作文中考過5次,是重要的考查話題。最近一次考的是在2016年。


  mutual understanding:相互理解


  aging society:老齡化社會


  population aging:人口老齡化


  generation gap:代溝


  widen/expand generation gap:擴大代溝


  narrow/bridge generation gap:消除代溝


  chauvinism:大男子主義


  career women:職業婦女


  domestic/family violence:家庭暴力


  foster/raise/breed/nurture/bring up:撫養


  household chores:繁雜家務


  spoil children/dote on children:溺愛孩子


  over-indulgence:縱容溺愛


  only child:獨生子女


  the universal two-child policy:全面二孩政策


  例:The aging trend would be actively addressed by the universal two-child policy.(全面二孩政策將有效應對人口老齡化趨勢)


  boomerang kids/the NEET group(NEET=Not currently engaged in Education, Employment or Training):啃老族


  a well-off family:小康之家


  nuclear famaily:核心家庭


  a single-parent family:單親家庭


  one's later years/one's remaining years:晚年


  filial piety:孝道


  practice filial piety/fulfill filial duty:奉行孝道


  support(take care of/sustain) the elderly(the old/the aged/the senior/aged parents/the old and infirm parents):贍養老人


  show solicitude for parents:關心父母


  mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents:虐待父母


  cousin:堂兄妹,表兄妹


  offspring:后代,后輩


  ancestor:祖先


  heir:繼承人


  ?環保類(重要)


  注:1992年以來,環保類話題在英語()大作文中已考過3次,是重要的考查話題。


  environment-friendly:生態環保的


  conserve natural habitats:保護生存環境


  animal rights activist:動物權益保護者


  natural reserve:自然保護區


  natural resources:自然資源


  energy conservation and environmental protection:節能環保


  biodiversity:生物多樣性


  extinction:滅絕


  wind breaks:防風林


  sand breaks:防沙林


  climate change:氣候變化


  greenhouse effect:溫室效應


  threat of global warming:全球變暖的威脅


  develop renewable resources:開發可再生資源


  low-carbon economy:低碳經濟


  low-carbon lifestyle:低碳生活方式


  environmental awareness:環境意識


  deforestation:森林消失


  landslide:山體滑坡


  biodegradable:可生物降解的


  environment-friendly(eco-friendly) products:環保產品


  household garbage:生活垃圾


  waste sorting/garbage classification:垃圾分類


  motor vehicle pollution:汽車尾氣污染


  reduce exhaust emission from cars/automobiles:減少汽車尾氣的排放


  low-emission cars:小排量汽車


  high-emission cars:大排量汽車


  public transport:公共交通


  green commuting:綠色出行


  water and soil erosion:水土流失


  soot emissions:煙塵排放


  sea water desalinization:海水淡化


  eco-demonstration region:生態示范區


  Nationally Designated Garden City:國家級園林城市


  create pleasant living environment:創造怡人的生活環境


  air pollution:空氣污染


  degradation/deterioration of air quality:空氣質量惡化


  discharge/emit poisonous/toxic gas:排放有毒氣體


  acid rain:酸雨


  drought:干旱


  sandstorm:沙塵暴


  toxic waste:有毒廢物


  industrial waste:工業廢物


  sewage treatment:污水處理


  ?健康類


  注:只在19961997這兩年考過。健康類話題英語()考查的可能性比較大。


  physical health/fitness/well-being:生理健康


  mental/psychological health/fitness/well-being:心理健康


  improve/enhance physical(psychological) health:增進生理(心理)健康


  hurt/damage physical(psychological)health:損害生理(心理)健康


  health concern:健康問題


  state of health:健康狀況


  sub-health:亞健康


  public health:公共衛生


  state of mind:心態


  physical exercises:體育鍛煉


  well-balanced diet:均衡飲食


  sacrifice health:犧牲健康


  junk food:垃圾食品


  food additives:食品添加劑


  go on a diet:節食,減肥


  arrhythmia:心律不齊


  indigestion:消化不良


  vaccinate:打疫苗


  infectious disease/illness:傳染病


  chronic disease/illness:慢性病


  non-acclimatization:水土不服


  relapse:復發癥


  stupor:昏迷


  nearsightedness/myopia/short-sightedness:近視


  malnutrition:營養不良


  chill:打冷戰


  ?文化類(重要)


  注:文化類話題是英語()大作文的高頻考查話題,1992年以來已考過4次,最近一次是在2010(文化火鍋)。截至目前,已有7年未考了,2018考研務必重視這個話題。


  culture and civilization:文化和文明


  The cultural blending/integration/fusion:文化融合


  cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange:文化交流


  cultural diversity:文化多元化


  multiculturalism:多元文化


  cultural identity:文化特性


  cultural treasures:文化寶藏


  cultural heritage/legacy:文化遺產


  cultural relics:文物


  cultural facilities:文化設施


  cultural devolution:文化退化


  cultural insights:文化視角


  traditional Chinese culture/national culture:民族(傳統)文化


  alien/foreign culture:外國文化


  Chinese cultural symbols:中國文化的符號


  advocate/carry forward traditional culture:弘揚傳統文化


  preserve and cherish traditions:保存和珍惜傳統


  undermine traditions:破壞傳統


  great and profound:博大精深的


  public literature:大眾文學


  light literature:通俗文學


  local customs and practices:風土人情


  cross-cultural communication:跨文化交流


  spiritual civilization:精神文明


  break with old customs:拋棄傳統


  hand down from generation to generation:代代相傳


  minority:少數民族


  national pride:民族自豪


  original:原始原創的


  charming:極具魅力的


  splendid:壯麗輝煌的


  talk show:談話節目


  crash:碰撞


  collection:收藏品


  mahjong:麻將


  Peking/Beijing opera:京劇


  Tang Suit:唐裝


  folk art:民間藝術


  paper-cut:剪紙


  Confucius Institute:孔子學院


  Chinese craze:中國熱


  ?教育類


  注:教育類話題英語()考查的可能性比較大。


  compulsory education:義務教育


  life-long education:終身教育


  exam/test-oriented education:應試教育


  quality education:素質教育


  well-rounded development of a child:全面發展


  balanced development of a child:均衡發展


  cultural quality:文化素質


  impart knowledge and educate people:教書育人


  dropout student:失學兒童


  intellectual property:知識產權


  law education:法制教育


  teach students according to their aptitude:因材施教


  force-feeding method of teaching:填鴨式教學


  academic/theoretical knowledge:理論知識


  practical skills:實用技能


  integrate theory with practice:理論聯系實際


  disconnect theory from practice:理論脫離實際


  shape/mould one's character:塑造性格


  extra-curricular activities:課外活動


  the spirit of exploration:探索精神


  cultivate (nurture, foster) creative/original thinking:培養創新思維


  stifle/constrain/extinguish creativity:扼殺創造力


  sap/dampen student's interest in sth.:挫傷學生對某事的興趣


  opening ceremony:開學典禮


  key school:重點中學


  private school:私立學校


  public school:公立學校


  eliminate illiteracy:掃盲


  miss a class:缺課


  cut a class:曠課


  drop out:輟學


  quit school:退學


  assistantship:助學金


  scholarship:獎學金


  university graduates:大學畢業生


  pursue post-graduate study/take part in the entrance exams for postgraduates:考研


  study abroad/go abroad for further education:出國留學


  excessive/undue academic pressure:過大的學習壓力


  the burden of study/learning:學習負擔


  ease/relieve academic pressure:緩解學習壓力


  intensify academic pressure:增強學習壓力


  academic atmosphere:學習氣氛


  ?經濟類


  注:經濟類話題英語()考查的可能性比較大。


  economic globalization:經濟全球化


  recession/bleeding economy:經濟不景氣


  economic/financial crisis:經濟/金融危機


  the fallout of economic/financial crisis:經濟/金融危機的影響


  economic recovery:經濟復蘇


  economic prosperity:經濟繁榮


  spur/stimulate economic development:刺激經濟發展


  hinder/impede economic development:阻礙經濟發展


  job market:就業市場


  look for/hunt for/seek a job:找工作


  job seeker:求職者


  a tough job market:嚴峻的就業形勢


  unrealistic salary expectations:不切實際的薪資期望


  pursue a high-paid job:追求高薪工作


  without/lack of practical experience/hands-on experience/practical abilities/vocational skills/career skills:沒有或缺乏實踐經驗/實踐能力/職業技能


  lose one's job/be unemployed:失業


  job losses mount, unemployment climbs:失業加劇


  unemployment:失業人數


  generate/create/afford job opportunities/employment opportunities:創造/提供就業機會


  career guidance:就業指導


  decline/recession/depression:萎縮/衰退/蕭條


  bubble economy:泡沫經濟


  demand exceed supply:供不應求


  turn loss into gains:轉虧為盈


  stabilize prices:穩定物價


  unfair competition:不正當競爭


  fierce/intense/furious/cut-throat competition:激烈競爭


  fake and inferior product:假冒偽劣產品


  after-sale service:售后服務


  enterprise image:企業形象


  brand effect:品牌效應


  over-consuming:超前消費


  reduce the funding for...:減少經費


  lift/elevate people's standard of living:提高人們的生活水平


  lower citizens' standard of living:降低居民生活水平


  eliminate poverty:消除貧困


  expand the gap between the wealthy and the needy:擴大貧富差距


  increase/expand domestic demand:擴大內需


  spur/stimulate consumption:刺激消費


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